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Color seal of the U.S. Post Office Department (1837–1970)

April 26, 2018

Are Americans in danger of losing their Internet?

By James Cortada

It’s hard to imagine life without the Internet: no smart phones, tablets, PCs, Netflix, the kids without their games. Impossible, you say? Not really, because we have the Internet thanks to a series of conditions in the United States that made it possible to create it in the first place and that...

An IBM 1401, a classic IBM business computer.

August 3, 2015

Help on a History of IBM

By James Cortada

Dear fellow members of ITHS, I am an historian, serve on the board of ITHS, and worked at IBM for 38 years. Some of you may have seen books I have written on the history of the IT industry over the years. I am now going to write a large, full history of IBM from the 1880s to the present and need...

An IBM System/360 installation at the Computer History Museum — the 360 turned 50 in 2014.

April 7, 2014

Happy 50th Birthday S/360!

By James Cortada

I consider this set of 150 products announced on April 7, 1964, to be the most important introduced by an American company in the 20th century. And I am not alone in that view.  How we used computers around the world was shaped directly by these machines and software, including your cell phone....

The ENIAC, one of the first electronic general-purpose computers.

January 21, 2014

Why Care Who Invented the First Computer?

By James Cortada

During January some of you might have noticed a running dialogue among historians and other interested parties about who invented the “first” computer. There was no agreement reached on the correct answer to that question. Discussions about “firsts” pop up about every five years, almost like...

IBM's corporate headquarters in Armonk, New York.

April 4, 2011

How Does a Company Make it to 100? The Short History.

By James Cortada

We all know very few organizations do live to the age of 100, especially corporations.  Those that do obviously tend to get more things right than wrong, and the market rewards them for their behavior.  Luck and circumstances are important factors, but increasingly historians observe corporate...

An IBM tabulating machine, a descendant of Herman Hollerith's punched-card technology.

February 28, 2011

Happy Birthdays IBM

By James Cortada

James W. Cortada IBM Corporation Happy Birthdays?! Yes, the company has potentially three birthdays, so which one is the “real” birthday? In 2011 IBM is celebrating its 100th birthday, a remarkable achievement for any company, but especially one in such a volatile high-tech industry as ours. But...