Jerzy Witold Różycki

Inventor of the "clock" method for determining Enigma rotor positions, Różycki was a Polish mathematician and cryptologist who worked at breaking German Enigma-machine ciphers. He was born in what is now Ukraine,...

Evangelos S. Eleftheriou

Pioneer in recording and communications techniques that established new standards of performance in hard disk drive technology, Eleftheriou has served as head of Storage Technologies at IBM's Zurich Research Laboratory, Zurich, Switzerland,...

Evan Sharp

Co-founder and Chief Creative Officer of Pinterest, Sharp designed the Pinterest grid for the initial product launch. Pinterest is a visual bookmarking tool that skyrocketed in popularity due to its innovative concept...

Arnold T. Nordsieck

Builder of the "differential analyzer"—an analog computer capable of solving complex equations and drawing curves—Nordsieck constructed the device in the 1950s out of $700-worth of war surplus materials. Clones subsequently became the...

Robert (Bob) H. Dennard

Inventor of dynamic random access memory (DRAM), Dennard's creation of the one-transistor dynamic RAM was a core development in the launch of today's computer industry, setting the stage for development of increasingly...

Charles Kuen Kao

Pioneer in the development and use of fiber optics in telecommunications, Kao is known as the "Godfather of Broadband," "Father of Fiber Optics," and "Father of Fiber Optic Communications." He was jointly...

Victor R. Basili

Recognized for measuring, evaluating, and improving the software development process, Basili has served as an Emeritus Professor at the Department of Computer Science and the Institute for Advanced Computer Studies, both at...

Herman Heine Goldstine

One of the original developers of the ENIAC, Goldstine left the University of Michigan, where he was a professor, in July 1942 to enlist in the Army after the United States entered...

Karl Ganzhorn

Director of IBM development in Europe, Ganzhorn founded and led the German laboratory of IBM at Böblingen. He initiated major development efforts in semiconductor memories, computer systems, and software. Ganzhorn has served as...

Victor Mayer Amédée Mannheim

Inventor of the modern slide rule, Mannheim standardized the design that remained in common use until pocket calculators took over. After graduating from the École d'Application in Metz, Mannheim became an officer of...

Arthur (Dick) Kittredge Watson

President of IBM World Trade Corporation, Watson guided the expansion of the international business and later served as United States Ambassador to France. His father, Thomas J. Watson, was President of International...

Igor Aleksander

A pioneer in artificial intelligence and neural networks, Aleksander was born in Croatia, educated in Italy and South Africa, and completed a PhD at Queen Mary College, University of London. In 1984...

Radia Joy Perlman

Inventor of the spanning-tree protocol, which is fundamental to the operation of network bridges, Perlman is a software designer and network engineer sometimes referred to as the "Mother of the Internet," though...

Paul Maritz

Responsible for essentially all of Microsoft's desktop and server software — including such major initiatives as the development of Windows 95, Windows NT, and Internet Explorer — Maritz has served as a...

Henry Edward Roberts

Designer of the first commercially successful personal computer, Roberts transformed computing in 1975. He founded Micro Instrumentation and Telemetry Systems (MITS) in 1970 to sell electronics kits to model rocketry hobbyists, but...

James Verlin Kimsey

Co-founder of America Online (AOL), Kimsey served as the company's first chairman and CEO until 1995. Although Kimsey is best known for having helped to create AOL, he also spearheaded many other...

David L. Mills

Inventor of the Network Time Protocol, the fuzzball router, and the Exterior Gateway Protocol, Mills was an American computer engineer and Internet pioneer. He earned his PhD in Computer and Communication Sciences...

David Karp

Founder of the short-form blogging platform Tumblr, Karp is an American web developer and entrepreneur. According to Forbes, his net worth exceeded $200 million, and Tumblr was valued at $800 million. On...

Daniel Henry Holms Ingalls, Jr.

Inventor of BitBlit, the general-purpose graphical operation underlying most bitmap graphics systems, Ingalls is a pioneer of object-oriented computer programming and the principal architect, designer, and implementor of five generations of Smalltalk...

Robert (Bob) C. Baron

Program Manager for the Mariner II (Venus) and the Mariner IV (Mars) onboard space computers, Baron spent over 25 years as an engineer, entrepreneur, and executive in the computer industry. A historian,...